BONE CANCER: KNOW EVERYTHING

 

There are two types of bone cancers : The primary cancer of bone, rare, and secondary bone canceror bone metastases, more frequent.

Primary cancer of the bone

The primary bone cancers are cancers localized in the bone, or its immediate periphery, which develop from bone, cartilage or fibrous. They are quite rare.The main ones are osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma and multiple myeloma.
The secondary bone cancer or bone metastases, are remote locations within the bone, cancer of another organ: prostate, kidney, breast, thyroid,?

Osteosarcoma

This is the most common tumors malignant bone primitive. In most cases it occurs in children and adolescents or young adults. Its cause is usually unknown.The tumor usually develops near the ends (metaphyses) of long bones located in the vicinity of the knee joint (femur, tibia) and shoulder (humerus). It is accompanied by persistent pain and swelling. Thirty new cases are recorded annually in this country.

 Chondrosarcoma

It develops from cartilage and bone reaches large as the femur, tibia or humerus, but it can also sit on the pool or on many other bones. It mainly affects adults after 30 years.

Ewing's sarcoma

This type of bone cancer mainly affects children between 10 and 15 years, more rarely in young adults. Boys are slightly more affected than girls (1.5 / 1).It is characterized by a proliferation of small round cells growing in the central region of the bone. It is accompanied by persistent pain, swelling and sometimes to a fracture. The tumor affects the frequency with equal short or flat bones (pelvis, ribs, vertebrae) and long bones (femur, fibula, tibia, humerus), usually on the barrel of the bone (diaphysis) and their end ( metaphysis). A dozen new cases are diagnosed annually.

Multiple myeloma

This cancer, also called Khalis disease is characterized by a malignant proliferation of unknown origin, plasma cells (cells producing and excreting antibodies in the blood plasma) in the bone marrow. They secrete substances that cause progressive destruction of bone tissue. It usually develops in adults between 50 and 80 years. It is somewhat more common in men than in women.

The role of surgery

Surgery plays a very important role in the treatment of most bone cancers.The combination of different treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery) and advances in surgery have reduced the use of amputation (only 5% of cases). Physicians performing whenever possible bone reconstruction (graft or prosthesis).